QUICK SUMMARY
Hot flashes and night sweats are vasomotor symptoms that commonly occur as estrogen and other hormone signals shift during perimenopause and menopause. They involve the brain's temperature-control system, but stress, sleep disruption, blood-sugar instability, smoking, body composition, genetics, and personal triggers can influence how often they happen and how intense they feel.
Natural remedies for hot flash relief include identifying triggers, cooling the environment, improving sleep, managing stress, using slow breathing as a calming tool, supporting insulin sensitivity, and considering targeted supplements. Lavender, clary sage, and peppermint essential oils may also support relaxation, mood, sleep, and cooling comfort through inhalation or properly diluted topical use.
Maca is one of the adaptogens worth considering for menopause support. Human trials suggest potential benefits for psychological symptoms, sexual function, and broader menopausal discomfort, although preparations, doses, and responses vary. Severe, new, or unusual symptoms deserve individualized evaluation, especially when they include chest pain, fainting, unexplained weight loss, fever, heavy bleeding, or symptoms that began after a medication change.
Hot flashes can turn an ordinary day, a peaceful night's sleep, or an intimate moment into an exhausting struggle. For some women, they are occasional and manageable. For others, they arrive every hour, soak the sheets at night, disrupt sleep, drain energy, and affect work, marriage, mood, and confidence.
One thing every woman will eventually face is the menopause transition, but that does not mean she has to accept years of misery without support. The goal of this article is to help you understand why hot flashes happen and give you practical, natural strategies that support the whole woman: hormones, stress response, sleep, blood-sugar balance, emotional health, relationships, and faith.
As a husband, father, natural-health educator, and Bible Health mentor, I have spent decades studying how lifestyle, essential oils, nutrition, and natural remedies can support the body's God-given ability to restore balance. This is not about reducing a woman to one hormone or telling her to power through. It is about giving her useful tools, helping her ask better questions, and reminding her that menopause can become a season of wisdom, freedom, and renewed purpose.
The good news is that you can begin using several of these strategies today.
Table of Contents
Why Hot Flashes Happen With Menopause
A hot flash is a sudden wave of heat that often starts in the face, neck, or chest and may spread through the body. You may flush, sweat, feel your heart race, and then become chilled as the episode passes. When this happens during sleep, we call it a night sweat.
Hot flashes and night sweats are known together as vasomotor symptoms. They are connected with changing ovarian hormone signals during the menopause transition, but estrogen decline is only part of the story.
The brain contains a temperature-regulation system that tries to keep your core temperature within a comfortable range. During perimenopause and menopause, changing estrogen and neurochemical signals can narrow that comfortable range. A small rise in body temperature that once would have gone unnoticed may suddenly trigger sweating and widening of blood vessels as the body tries to cool itself. A small drop may then trigger chills.
In this article, I'll talk about natural therapies that can help. But first, let me explain what is going on in a woman's body during this time of life. Even though menopausal and postmenopausal symptoms may leave you feeling like an alien has taken over your body and mind, please know that this is a very natural part of the aging process. Symptoms often improve, but they can last for years, so no powering through. Time to take action naturally.
In the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation, women who experienced frequent vasomotor symptoms had them for a median total of about 7.4 years. Women whose symptoms began earlier in the menopause transition tended to experience them longer. Greater perceived stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, smoking, higher body mass index, and other factors were also associated with longer duration. (1)
Menopause symptoms like hot flashes and insomnia can be experienced very differently depending on the individual. Who out there has that special friend who sailed through menopause without so much as a hiccup? Yet, here you may be sitting, likely in front of the fridge with a fan in your hand, in sheer misery. We have heard from women who suffered hot flashes every hour for years. That level of disruption should never be dismissed as something a woman must simply tolerate.
And then there is sleep, or the lack thereof. Some women say they barely sleep and have started treating exhaustion as their normal. Night sweats, anxiety, urinary urgency, temperature swings, and repeated awakenings can rob the body of the deep restorative sleep it needs.
Other women have brutal night sweats, waking up in a pool of sweat each night. Some have trouble falling asleep or staying asleep. Others find that urinary urgency keeps them from getting the deep restorative sleep their body needs. And then, yes, there are those who fall into quality deep sleep as soon as their head hits the pillow. What makes these experiences and symptoms so different?
Researchers still do not know every reason hot flashes affect some women so much more than others. What we do know is that the natural decline and fluctuation of hormones through the 40s, 50s, and beyond is only part of the puzzle.
Other factors appear to matter. Research has linked vasomotor symptoms with differences in ethnicity and culture, smoking, anxiety and depressive symptoms, perceived stress, body composition, sleep, and metabolic health. Lifestyle factors such as movement and diet may also shape a woman's experience. (2) That is one reason I want you to look at the whole woman, not merely one lab value.
Genetics may play a role. Researchers have identified variants near the tachykinin receptor 3 gene, part of the neurokinin B signaling pathway involved in temperature regulation, that are associated with hot flashes and night sweats. (3) Your genes are not your destiny, but they help explain why your menopause may not look like your sister's or your friend's.
Hot flashes do typically improve, but until they do, you can usually reduce their severity, frequency, or impact. The encouraging news is that hot flashes, night sweats, poor sleep, stress, and metabolic imbalance have several natural solutions in common.
When a Hot Flash May Not Be Menopause
Most hot flashes during midlife are related to the menopause transition, but not every episode of flushing or sweating should automatically be blamed on hormones. Thyroid disorders, infections, blood-sugar swings, panic episodes, alcohol, medications, and other conditions can cause similar symptoms.
Seek prompt evaluation for chest pain, fainting, severe shortness of breath, new neurological symptoms, fever, drenching sweats with unexplained weight loss, heavy or unexpected bleeding, or a sudden major change in symptoms. Women experiencing menopause before age 40 also deserve individualized evaluation and long-term support for bone, heart, fertility, and whole-body health.
4 Natural Tricks for Hot Flash Relief
The easiest place to begin is to identify your personal triggers. Common triggers include stress, alcohol, caffeine, smoking, overheated rooms, hot drinks, spicy foods, tight synthetic clothing, and large swings in blood sugar. Food sensitivities can also aggravate inflammation, digestion, sleep, or stress in some women. Gluten and dairy are common culprits worth evaluating, especially when digestive symptoms are present.
I often recommend keeping a simple hot-flash journal. Write down the time of each hot flash, what you ate or drank, your stress level, room temperature, sleep the night before, movement, and where you were in your cycle if you still menstruate. Patterns that feel mysterious can become obvious within two or three weeks.
For many women, stress is a major trigger. Stress may worsen hot flashes and night sweats, and it certainly plays a role in insomnia. Here are four natural strategies that can help lower that burden.
1. Use Essential Oils for Cooling and Stress Support
I know you hear this all the time, that you need to reduce your stress! Unfortunately, removing whatever is stressing you sometimes just can't be done. You might be caring for a loved one, parenting a busy family, working a high-pressure job, or carrying several responsibilities at once. If you cannot remove the stressor, you can still reduce how strongly it affects your mind and body.
Essential oils are some of my favorite tools because they are practical, fast, and easy to connect with a daily routine.
Peppermint essential oil: I love peppermint oil for its clean, cooling sensation. It does not change core body temperature in the same way an air conditioner does, but its menthol-rich aroma and topical cooling effect can make a hot flash feel more manageable.
Clary sage essential oil: I also love clary sage essential oil for stress and emotional support. In a small human study of menopausal women, inhaling clary sage changed cortisol and serotonin-related measures, with a stronger cortisol reduction among participants with depressive symptoms. This study looked at short-term biological responses, not long-term hot-flash resolution, but it supports clary sage's role in a stress-support routine. (4)
Lavender essential oil: Lavender essential oil is my evening favorite. Randomized human studies have reported improvements in hot-flash frequency and broader menopause symptom scores with lavender inhalation. These trials were relatively small, but the human evidence is encouraging and lavender is easy to use. (5, 6)
Here are three simple ways to begin:
- Personal inhaler: Add 5 drops lavender, 4 drops clary sage, and 3 drops peppermint to the wick of a personal inhaler. Take 1-2 gentle inhalations when a hot flash begins or when stress is rising. Pause and reassess rather than inhaling continuously.
- Diffuser: Add 2 drops lavender, 1 drop clary sage, and 1 drop peppermint to a diffuser. Run intermittently in a ventilated bedroom or living area according to the manufacturer's instructions.
- Cooling roll-on: Add 2 drops lavender, 1 drop clary sage, and 1 drop peppermint to a 10-milliliter roll-on bottle and fill with a carrier oil. Apply sparingly to the back of the neck or wrists. Keep away from the eyes, face, mucous membranes, and broken skin.
I also put properly dispersed lavender in a warm evening essential oil bath to help me relax and destress. Do not drip essential oils directly into bathwater because oil and water do not mix. Use a properly formulated bath product or dispersant.
Stop using any oil that causes headache, coughing, wheezing, nausea, dizziness, skin irritation, or an increase in symptoms. Peppermint can feel too intense for some women during a hot flash, so begin with less and adjust according to your response.
2. Journal, Pray, and Offload the Day
I am a big proponent of journaling. It is one of the easiest daily techniques for changing how you process stress and helping you become more positive about life. Swap out 15 minutes of the daily news and focus on journaling instead.
Write down a few thoughts about your day:
- What am I grateful for?
- What have I done to nourish my body and mind today?
- Where did I see the face of God or love today?
- What could I have done better today?
- How could I have been more loving in my relationships?
- What am I glad I did yesterday?
Thank others in your journal, although do not forget to relay that thanks personally later. Give yourself a big hug of appreciation for the care and love you provided to your family, partner, friends, or even strangers that day.
Journaling at bedtime helps offload thoughts that keep circling in your mind. Pair it with prayer, Scripture, and surrendering tomorrow's concerns to God. Biblical peace is not pretending the stressor is gone. It is remembering you do not have to carry it alone.
3. Practice Slow Breathing and Restorative Movement
How often do you really breathe deeply? Try it now. Breathe into your abdomen, keeping the breath slow, comfortable, and unforced.
Paced breathing has produced mixed results in clinical trials for hot flashes. Some early studies reported benefit, while larger controlled trials did not show a meaningful advantage over comparison practices. (7, 8) That does not make slow breathing useless. It can still reduce the feeling of panic, help you stay grounded during a hot flash, and become part of a broader stress and sleep routine.
Try this simple rhythm:
- Sit or lie down safely.
- Relax your jaw and shoulders.
- Inhale gently through your nose for about 4-5 seconds.
- Exhale slowly for about 5-6 seconds.
- Continue for 2-5 minutes without straining or holding your breath.
I also like yoga or a long daily walk. Being outside in nature with growing plants is best! Extra points for walking barefoot in a safe, clean place and taking time to pray and notice God's creation.
Movement supports insulin sensitivity, mood, sleep, bone strength, and healthy body composition. Intense exercise can temporarily trigger a hot flash in some women because it raises body temperature, but that does not mean you should avoid exercise. Use a fan, hydrate, dress in layers, exercise during cooler hours, and adjust intensity while your body adapts.
4. Build a Hot-Flash-Friendly Sleep Environment
Finally, let's make your bedroom hot-flash and sleep-friendly.
At night, keep the temperature low. I often recommend around 65°F, but the best setting is the one that lets you sleep without shivering. Use a chill pillow, cooling blanket, breathable sheets, or a cooling mattress pad if that helps. Bring a fan into your office and kitchen. Wear lightweight clothes made with natural fibers and use layers that can be peeled off and put back on easily.
Hydrate with healthy, clean water, but shift larger amounts earlier in the day if nighttime urination is waking you repeatedly.
Use your bedroom for sleep and lovemaking. Leave the laptop and work stress outside. Dim the lights in the evening, limit stimulating content, and keep a consistent sleep-wake schedule when possible.
Lovemaking and affectionate connection may support relaxation and bonding through oxytocin and other nervous-system pathways. When vaginal dryness, burning, pain, or tissue changes interfere with intimacy, address the discomfort directly instead of assuming that loss of desire is purely emotional. Moisturizers, lubricants, pelvic-floor support, and individualized natural or medical options may help.
Supplements That Can Help Ease Hot Flashes
Because our stress response is so closely linked with hot-flash severity, I typically focus menopausal and postmenopausal women on natural foods and supplements that support resilience, hormone balance, sleep, and metabolic health.
I use the term adaptogen for herbs and foods traditionally used to help the body adapt to physical and emotional stress. Not every product works the same way, and the evidence varies by exact plant, preparation, dose, and woman.
Maca for Menopause Support
One of the adaptogens worth considering is maca. Many women use it as part of a natural-first plan for hot flashes, mood, energy, sexual function, and other menopausal symptoms, especially when they prefer to begin with food, lifestyle, and botanical support.
Small randomized trials have reported improvements in psychological symptoms, sexual function, and menopausal symptom scores with maca preparations. A systematic review concluded that the evidence was promising but limited by the small number and size of the trials. (9, 10) This is an excellent example of why we should neither overpromise nor dismiss a natural remedy simply because the research base is still growing.
For these reasons, maca can serve as a foundational adaptogen within a broader menopause-support plan.
Maca works best when it is not treated as a magic powder. Pair it with mineral-rich foods, stable blood sugar, adequate protein, healthy fats, colorful plants, restorative sleep, movement, prayer, and a plan to reduce unnecessary stress and toxic burden.
When I talk about alkalinity, I am not claiming that a drink overrides the body's tightly regulated blood pH. I am talking about a vegetable-rich, mineral-rich lifestyle, metabolic flexibility, lower intake of refined carbohydrates, and habits that support healthier urinary pH patterns and overall resilience. In our ministry, women often report improvements in hot flashes, sleep, energy, cravings, and mood when they combine these principles consistently.
Maca may not be appropriate for every person or every hormone-sensitive condition. Choose a reputable product, follow its instructions, and discuss use with a knowledgeable professional when you have a history of hormone-sensitive cancer, thyroid disease, pregnancy, nursing, or medication concerns.
Progesterone Support
Progesterone support may also help stress response, sleep, and a calmer mood when it fits the individual woman. Hormone products are not interchangeable, and the right form, amount, timing, and duration depend on symptoms, cycle stage, medical history, and whether other hormones are being used.
Hormone products should not be treated like ordinary moisturizers. Progesterone can affect bleeding patterns, mood, sleep, breast symptoms, and other hormone-related processes. A woman with unexplained bleeding, a history of hormone-sensitive cancer, liver disease, clotting concerns, pregnancy potential, or another complex condition should get individualized guidance before use.
Vitamin E
Vitamin E has been studied for hot flashes. Some small trials reported modest improvements, but the benefit has not been consistent across all studies. One older randomized trial often cited for vitamin E now carries an expression of concern, so it should not be the sole basis for a recommendation. Other trials suggest that any average benefit may be modest. (11, 12)
Vitamin E is fat-soluble, and high-dose supplementation can increase bleeding risk, especially with anticoagulant or antiplatelet medication. Food-first sources include almonds, sunflower seeds, avocado, and unrefined plant oils.
Magnesium and Better Sleep
Do you have low magnesium levels? Inadequate magnesium can affect muscle function, nervous-system regulation, and sleep. Many people can benefit from eating more magnesium-rich foods or using a quality magnesium supplement when appropriate.
Systematic reviews show an association between magnesium status and sleep, while supplementation trials have produced mixed results. Benefits may be more noticeable in people who are deficient or who have specific sleep problems. (13, 14)
Magnesium glycinate is often chosen for evening use because it tends to be gentler on the digestive tract, while magnesium citrate can loosen stools. Kidney disease changes magnesium handling, so supplementation should be individualized in that setting.
You can also ask your doctor to look for issues that may affect sleep and menopause symptoms. Testing may include thyroid function, glucose and insulin markers, iron status, vitamin D, and other individualized markers. DHEA-S, IGF-1, and sex-hormone testing may be useful in selected cases, but a lab panel should support clinical reasoning rather than replace it.
These recommendations can be powerful parts of a natural menopause plan, but supplements and hormones still need to fit the individual woman. Get knowledgeable guidance when you take medication, have chronic illness, or have a history of hormone-sensitive disease.
Note about hormone replacement therapy (HRT) Systemic menopausal hormone therapy can be very effective for hot flashes, but it is not the only path and it is not right for every woman. Benefits and risks depend on age, time since menopause, hormone type, route, dose, whether the uterus is present, personal and family history, and conditions such as breast cancer, unexplained bleeding, clotting disorders, stroke, liver disease, and cardiovascular risk. This deserves an individualized conversation rather than a one-size-fits-all answer. Local vaginal estrogen, vaginal DHEA, moisturizers, and other local therapies are used primarily for vaginal and urinary symptoms. Because local treatment is not designed to create systemic hormone levels, it generally should not be expected to resolve hot flashes or insomnia. (15, 16)
Natural Remedies for Hot Flashes With Diet: Become More Insulin Sensitive
What you eat most certainly affects menopausal symptoms. We want a mineral-rich, plant-forward diet that supports a healthy stress response, and we also want to keep insulin levels under control.
When you eat carbohydrates, digestion releases glucose into the bloodstream. The pancreas releases insulin to help move that glucose into cells for immediate energy or storage. This is normal and God-designed physiology.
The problem is not every carbohydrate. The problem is a pattern dominated by refined flour, added sugar, sweet drinks, and ultra-processed foods that repeatedly drives sharp glucose and insulin responses without enough fiber, movement, sleep, or recovery.
Over time, the cells can become less responsive to insulin. The pancreas may produce more insulin to compensate, and blood glucose can eventually rise. This is insulin resistance, and it is connected with abdominal weight gain, metabolic syndrome, Type 2 diabetes, fatty liver, and other health concerns.
Research from SWAN found that women reporting hot flashes had higher insulin-resistance estimates and, to a lesser extent, higher glucose. This was an association, so it does not prove that insulin resistance is the sole cause of hot flashes. It does tell us that metabolic health belongs in the conversation. (17) Newer longitudinal research has also linked higher insulin earlier in perimenopause with earlier onset and longer duration of vasomotor symptoms. (18)
Unless we support the body's ability to remain insulin-sensitive and calm repeated cortisol and glucose spikes, hormonal balance may be harder to achieve. Hot flashes, night sweats, insomnia, weight gain, mood swings, and cravings often travel together because the systems influencing them are interconnected.
A Bible Health approach to metabolic balance can help by reducing refined carbohydrates, prioritizing non-starchy vegetables, including healthy fats and appropriate protein, supporting mineral intake, and helping stabilize blood sugar and insulin. The goal is not to fear every piece of fruit or count every gram forever. The goal is metabolic flexibility and a sustainable way of eating that helps you feel steady.
We regularly hear from women who report improvements in hot flashes, sleep, energy, and cravings after reducing refined foods, supporting insulin sensitivity, eating more mineral-rich plants, and building steadier daily rhythms. That is ministry and reader experience, not a guarantee that every woman will respond identically.
Look at Menopause Through a Different Lens
I believe that how you experience something is influenced by the lens through which you view it. That does not mean attitude causes every symptom or that a woman can think away a severe hot flash. It means mindset can shape whether this season feels like only loss or also a doorway into something new.
If you think about menopause and the postmenopausal period of your life as nothing but a journey into misery, it will be difficult to notice any good that comes with it, no matter how many natural remedies for hot flashes you find.
Instead, try to look at this very natural period of your life through a different, more positive lens.
And that is a lens of freedom.
It is true, there are many freedoms that come during this time, including the end of monthly periods.
At this time, many of us are becoming empty-nesters. Sad, I know, but again, freedom. There is freedom to return to something old, perhaps a hobby you abandoned because of the kids or a job, and freedom to start something completely new.
Many women finally find space to focus on things that feed their spirit rather than tending to everyone else's needs every moment of the day.
From a Biblical perspective, your value was never limited to fertility, youth, appearance, or productivity. Menopause does not diminish your calling. This season can carry wisdom, influence, service, intimacy, creativity, and deeper dependence on God.
So try these natural remedies for hot flashes as steps to reduce perimenopausal and menopausal symptoms. Seek additional support when symptoms are severe, unusual, or interfering with life. Do not settle for being dismissed, and do not assume you must choose between natural care and wise individualized medical evaluation.
Look past the heated and sweaty interruptions.
Focus instead on the new freedoms awaiting you.
Natural Hot Flash Relief FAQs
What is the fastest natural way to cool a hot flash?
Move to a cooler space, loosen layers, use a fan, sip cool water, and slow your breathing. A personal inhaler with lavender and a small amount of peppermint may provide cooling and calming sensory support. Keep peppermint away from the eyes and stop if the aroma feels too strong.
What essential oils are best for hot flashes?
Lavender, clary sage, and peppermint are practical choices. Lavender has small human trials supporting hot-flash and menopause-symptom relief. Clary sage has human evidence for short-term cortisol and serotonin-related changes in menopausal women. Peppermint is used primarily for its cooling sensation and energizing aroma.
How do I use essential oils for menopause?
Use inhalation through a diffuser or personal inhaler, or apply a properly diluted topical blend. Begin with brief exposure and a low amount. Do not put undiluted oils on the skin, drip them directly into bathwater, or place them inside a medical device.
Can lavender essential oil reduce hot flashes?
Small randomized trials reported fewer hot flashes and improved menopause symptom scores with repeated lavender inhalation. The evidence is encouraging but not large enough to predict the same response for every woman. (5, 6)
Does clary sage balance hormones?
Clary sage is traditionally described as a women's health and balancing oil. A small human study found changes in cortisol and serotonin-related measures after inhalation, but it did not prove that clary sage normalizes estrogen or progesterone over time. Use it for stress, mood, and whole-person support rather than treating it like a replacement hormone.
Does maca help hot flashes?
Small human trials and a systematic review suggest maca may improve some menopausal symptoms, psychological well-being, and sexual function. The research remains limited, but the findings and clinical experience support considering a quality maca preparation as part of a complete plan. (9, 10)
Does magnesium help menopause sleep problems?
Magnesium supports normal nervous-system and muscle function. Supplement research for sleep is mixed, with possible benefit in some people, especially when intake or status is low. Magnesium will not correct every cause of insomnia, such as sleep apnea, thyroid dysfunction, restless legs, trauma, medication effects, or repeated night sweats.
Can blood-sugar problems make hot flashes worse?
Research has found associations between hot flashes, higher insulin resistance, and higher glucose. Stabilizing meals, reducing refined carbohydrates, walking after meals, sleeping well, and building muscle can support insulin sensitivity, but no single food plan guarantees that hot flashes will stop. (17, 18)
How long do menopause hot flashes last?
Duration varies widely. In a major longitudinal study, women with frequent symptoms experienced them for a median of about 7.4 years, and symptoms tended to last longer when they began earlier in the transition. Some women have a much shorter experience, while others continue having symptoms well into postmenopause. (1)
Can I use natural remedies with hormone therapy?
Often, yes, but the plan should be individualized. Inhalation and appropriately diluted topical essential oils generally pose fewer interaction concerns than concentrated internal supplements. Maca, progesterone products, high-dose vitamin E, and multi-ingredient formulas deserve closer review when combined with hormones, blood thinners, diabetes medication, thyroid medication, or cancer treatment.
When should I talk to a doctor about hot flashes?
Get help when symptoms are severe, began unusually early, interrupt sleep repeatedly, affect your ability to work or drive safely, or come with unexpected bleeding, chest pain, fainting, fever, unexplained weight loss, or other new symptoms. A good evaluation should listen to your experience and consider natural options alongside appropriate testing and treatment choices.
References
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- Thurston RC, Joffe H. “Vasomotor Symptoms and Menopause: Findings From the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation.” Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America. 2011;38(3):489-501. doi:10.1016/j.ogc.2011.05.006.
- Crandall CJ, Manson JE, Hohensee C, et al. “Association of Genetic Variation in the Tachykinin Receptor 3 Locus With Hot Flashes and Night Sweats in the Women's Health Initiative Study.” Menopause. 2017;24(3):252-261. PubMed.
- Seol GH, Shim HS, Kim PJ, et al. “Changes in 5-Hydroxytryptamine and Cortisol Plasma Levels in Menopausal Women After Inhalation of Clary Sage Oil.” Phytotherapy Research. 2014;28(11):1599-1605. doi:10.1002/ptr.5163.
- Kazemzadeh R, Nikjou R, Rostamnegad M, Norouzi H. “Effect of Lavender Aromatherapy on Menopause Hot Flushing: A Crossover Randomized Clinical Trial.” Journal of the Chinese Medical Association. 2016;79(9):489-492. doi:10.1016/j.jcma.2016.01.020.
- Nikjou R, Kazemzadeh R, Asadzadeh F, Fathi R, Mostafazadeh F. “The Effect of Lavender Aromatherapy on the Symptoms of Menopause.” Journal of the National Medical Association. 2018;110(3):265-269. doi:10.1016/j.jnma.2017.06.010.
- Carpenter JS, Burns DS, Wu J, et al. “Paced Respiration for Vasomotor and Other Menopausal Symptoms: A Randomized, Controlled Trial.” Journal of General Internal Medicine. 2013;28(2):193-200. doi:10.1007/s11606-012-2202-6.
- Freedman RR, Woodward S. “Behavioral Treatment of Menopausal Hot Flushes: Evaluation by Ambulatory Monitoring.” American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1992;167(2):436-439. PubMed.
- Lee MS, Shin BC, Yang EJ, Lim HJ, Ernst E. “Maca (Lepidium meyenii) for Treatment of Menopausal Symptoms: A Systematic Review.” Maturitas. 2011;70(3):227-233. doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.07.017.
- Brooks NA, Wilcox G, Walker KZ, Ashton JF, Cox MB, Stojanovska L. “Beneficial Effects of Lepidium meyenii (Maca) on Psychological Symptoms and Measures of Sexual Dysfunction in Postmenopausal Women Are Not Related to Estrogen or Androgen Content.” Menopause. 2008;15(6):1157-1162. doi:10.1097/gme.0b013e3181732953.
- Ziaei S, Kazemnejad A, Zareai M. “The Effect of Vitamin E on Hot Flashes in Menopausal Women.” Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation. 2007;64(4):204-207. Expression of concern published 2023. doi:10.1159/000106491.
- Barton DL, Loprinzi CL, Quella SK, et al. “Prospective Evaluation of Vitamin E for Hot Flashes in Breast Cancer Survivors.” Journal of Clinical Oncology. 1998;16(2):495-500. doi:10.1200/JCO.1998.16.2.495.
- Arab A, Rafie N, Amani R, Shirani F. “The Role of Magnesium in Sleep Health: A Systematic Review of Available Literature.” Biological Trace Element Research. 2023;201(1):121-128. doi:10.1007/s12011-022-03162-1.
- Mah J, Pitre T. “Oral Magnesium Supplementation for Insomnia in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.” BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies. 2021;21:125. doi:10.1186/s12906-021-03297-z.
- The North American Menopause Society. “The 2022 Hormone Therapy Position Statement of The North American Menopause Society.” Menopause. 2022;29(7):767-794. doi:10.1097/GME.0000000000002028.
- Santen RJ, Stuenkel CA, Davis SR, Pinkerton JV, Gompel A, Lumsden MA. “Managing Menopausal Symptoms and Associated Clinical Issues in Breast Cancer Survivors.” Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2017;102(10):3647-3661. doi:10.1210/jc.2017-01138.
- Thurston RC, El Khoudary SR, Sutton-Tyrrell K, et al. “Vasomotor Symptoms and Insulin Resistance in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation.” Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2012;97(10):3487-3494. doi:10.1210/jc.2012-1410.
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